In the past year or so, a new marketing channel has emerged around bots and intelligent agents.
This includes voice-based intelligent agents like
Google Home’s Assistant or
Amazon’s Alexa, and
chatbots
that interact largely through text conversations. Marketers are
beginning to plan their conversational strategies and logic for this
channel.
But another channel — maybe it should be considered a sub-channel —
is about to emerge. It’s when the bot or agent, fulfilling the needs of
the human user, is interacting with another bot or agent instead of
searching the web, or a knowledge base, or a profile.
Just when you thought digital marketing strategy had reached its stasis, we may be in for another major reinvention.
In a few years,
ArcTouch Chief
Experience Officer and founder Adam Fingerman predicted, “most
interaction will be conversational.” His company develops apps — and now
bots — and he’s conducting a session on “
Bot-to-Bot Marketing” at our MarTech Conference in May.
In a common scenario today, you might ask Google Home to find a hotel room under $450 in Chicago near the Loop.
Google Home searches the web, possibly including reviews on TripAdvisor.
To support this user-to-agent/bot interaction, Fingerman told me,
“marketers will have to spend more time on reputation management” to
ensure that what Google finds is generally good. Hopefully, that will
translate into being one of the top results, since a voice-based agent
is likely to return only a few.
He also suggested brands may need to provide more structured data —
possibly in a specific industry-based taxonomy — that makes attributes
more transparent so Google Home can do apples-to-apples comparisons
about, say, hotel rooms.
The importance of loyalty
Another tilting factor can be loyalty points, which Fingerman said
will become more important since you may direct Google Home to Hilton,
where you’re a loyalty program member.
Eventually, Hilton will want to become more of an active player in
this new kind of user interaction. It might pay for top placement when
“find me a hotel in Chicago” comes up in a search by an agent or bot.
So far, these are fairly standard marketing tools — reputation
management, positioning, loyalty programs, paid placement — in response
to what is essentially a voice-controlled intelligent search engine.
But this can change when the bot/agent acts on your preferences,
either stated by you or learned over time from the decisions you make.
That’s because the natural evolution of this preferences-based
activity by a generalized bot/agent is a personal bot or agent that acts
only on your behalf. Perhaps it can search for anything, or perhaps it
specializes in hotel rooms. In that case, you might also have
bots/agents for finding a great restaurant, or getting the best concert
tickets, or whatever.
Analyst David Raab pointed out to me that, when you are represented
by a personal agent/bot, “brands will have to speak to your
preferences.”
But those aren’t necessarily the same kinds of preferences that, say,
guide the personalization of web content when you visit a particular
publisher’s site. Or that cause Netflix to show you more thrillers,
because you watch so many of that movie genre.
It’s not yet clear exactly how your personal bots will express your
preferences, except in their selection of products to recommend to you.
Perhaps a preferences profile will be available from the bot.
Bot competition
At the very least, this means marketers’ systems will need to track
what your bot(s) chooses, in addition to what you choose. This can lead
to new kinds of targeting segmentation, where advertising or marketing
systems are segmenting and targeting not just you, but your bots.
And it could be more complex than that, because it may not be
entirely clear the extent to which your personal bot actually represents
the entirety of your preferences.
As Raab told me via email:
Consumer-side bots will need to be trained. A bot might
just listen to you order pizza a few times to get some idea of how you
do it, and then take over, perhaps asking for coaching during future
interactions if it’s not sure what you want. People will vary in how
much control they’re willing to delegate, and those preferences might
change from one day to the next.
You might have personal bots with different authorities to represent
your different interests, just as you might have a separate real estate
lawyer, a divorce lawyer and a tax lawyer. Or you might have a bot with a
deeper understanding of what you like in shoes, compared to another
one that only finds slippers for you.
For one thing, Raab noted, this could lead to a “competition among
consumer-side bots,” where independent providers — incentivized by a
percentage of sales — offer personal bots with differing intelligence
levels or industry specialties.
Beyond the generalized intelligent agents/bots, and the personal
agents/bots, it’s quite possible brands may develop their own.
(Agents/bots might overlap with platform-specific applications like
Amazon’s skills, which some brands have developed, but agents/bots can
offer platform-independence and act as a general brand interface.)
Hilton’s bot might know how to match the attributes sought, how to offer the right kind of incentives, or even how to negotiate.
Brand bots “will need rules for how to interact with [either] people
or bots,” Fingerman noted. Rules that don’t yet exist, and which may
eventually have to conform with some middleware provided by Google,
Amazon, Apple or others.
‘Digital Cohesion’
Inherent in all of this, both Raab and Fingerman point out, is a new
incarnation of trust. It might simply be another form of brand trust —
i.e., I trust Amazon and therefore I trust Alexa.
Or it might be earned trust, where you learn to trust a personal bot
provided by a third party because it returns good choices, the way you
might learn to trust Pandora’s taste in how it programs a thematic radio
station.
Raab pointed out that all of this belongs to a broader vision of
autonomous technology acting on our behalf, described as “Digital
Cohesion” by network solution provider Juniper Networks.
In
a white paper on the topic, the company broadly defines the term as:… a future in which applications connect and self-assemble to deliver compelling mega-services that enhance our lives.”
In one implementation, for instance, a system-wide intelligence
monitors a diabetic man’s medical sensors and knows when to intervene
and what services to call.
Implied in this vision, of course, is that bots and agents are talking to bots and agents.
So, it’s not just about finding the best nearby pizza. It could be
almost every kind of consumer, health or business choice will be
mediated by intelligent bots/agents, probably layers of them. Marketers
are just beginning to get a sense of that emerging ecosystem.
And you thought the digital universe was settling down.
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